Civil Engineering: This branch focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment. Civil engineers plan, design, and oversee projects like roads, bridges, buildings, dams, airports, water and sewage systems, and other infrastructure essential for modern society. They ensure these structures are safe, efficient, and sustainable.
MEP Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing): This discipline deals with the design and planning of the essential building services. MEP engineers ensure buildings are comfortable, functional, and safe by designing the mechanical systems (HVAC, fire protection), electrical systems (power, lighting, communication), and plumbing systems (water supply, drainage). It's about making the building "live" and operate effectively.
Structural Engineering: This field focuses on the design and analysis of the structural framework of buildings and other structures to ensure their stability and safety under various loads. Structural engineers determine the appropriate materials and design elements (beams, columns, foundations) to withstand forces like gravity, wind, earthquakes, and human use, preventing collapse and ensuring the integrity of the structure.